The BPC/LOAS benefit supports low-income seniors and people with disabilities in Brazil. It guarantees a monthly income equivalent to one minimum wage.
This benefit does not require prior contributions to the INSS. Many families rely on it for dignity and survival.
What Is BPC/LOAS?
BPC (Benefício de Prestação Continuada) is part of the Organic Law of Social Assistance (LOAS). It is a social right provided to the most vulnerable.
People eligible for BPC receive a monthly amount equivalent to one minimum wage. The benefit does not include 13th salary or pension rights.
It is not tied to the labor market or social security contributions. This makes it different from regular INSS benefits.
Legal Basis and Managing Authorities
The BPC is established under Law No. 8.742/1993, known as LOAS. It operates under the Ministry of Social Development (MDS).
The INSS is responsible for evaluating and granting the benefit. Local CRAS units provide support with registration and documentation.
The Cadastro Único (CadÚnico) system is essential for verifying family income. All managing authorities work together to validate each request.
Who Can Receive the Benefit?
Eligibility depends on age, disability status, and income. Applicants must prove low-income status through CadÚnico.
To qualify, individuals must be:
- 65 years or older, or
- Any age with a proven disability;
- Brazilian citizens or Portuguese nationals residing in Brazil;
- Living in households with income per person of ¼ of the minimum wage or less.
How Family Income Is Calculated?
Income assessment is based on per capita household income. It includes all earnings from salaries, pensions, and other benefits.
The threshold is one-fourth of the minimum wage per household member. Family members include those living in the same home, such as parents, children, and spouses.
CadÚnico must be updated within the last two years. CRAS units help ensure the data is accurate and complete.
Disability Assessment Criteria
Applicants with disabilities must go through a medical-social evaluation. This is conducted by INSS staff and social workers.
Disability is defined as long-term physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory impairment. The condition must limit the person’s ability to live independently or work.
Supporting medical documents are essential during evaluation. The assessment is part of the application process.
What Makes It Different from Regular INSS Benefits?
BPC is not a retirement or pension benefit. It does not require prior INSS contributions.
There is no 13th salary included. The benefit is individual and non-transferable. It cannot be inherited or combined with other continuous benefits. Applicants must choose between BPC and other benefits if applicable.
Step-by-Step Application Guide
Applicants must follow clear steps to submit their request. The process is done entirely online or with CRAS assistance.
- Access Meu INSS via web or mobile app
- Log in using your CPF and password
- Select “What do you need?”
- Choose the option: Personal assistance benefit
- Follow the guided instructions to complete and send the request
Required Documentation
The documentation is necessary to prove identity and meet eligibility. All family members in the household must be accounted for.
- ID documents (RG, CNH, or CTPS) and CPF for all family members
- Medical reports (for disabled applicants)
- Proof of residence
- Updated CadÚnico registration
- Legal representation documents if applying on someone else’s behalf
Channels to Access the Service
There are multiple ways to access BPC-related services. Each option caters to different accessibility needs.
- Meu INSS app (Google Play or App Store)
- Meu INSS website
- Call 135 (for guidance or system issues)
- CRAS units for assistance with CadÚnico and documents
How Long the Process Takes?
Online applications can receive immediate confirmation. Evaluation and response may take longer.
Medical evaluations and document checks can extend the wait time. On average, a decision may be issued within 30 days.
If face-to-face support is needed, waiting can reach up to 30 calendar days. Keep documents ready to avoid delays.
How to Track the Status of Your Request?
Applicants should follow up after submitting the request. The Meu INSS platform provides this functionality.
Log in with CPF and password. Click on “Check Orders” and find your request. Status updates and instructions will be listed there. Keep checking until a final decision is posted.
What to Do If the Request Is Denied
Denials may occur due to income issues, missing documents, or evaluation results. You can contest the decision.
File an administrative appeal through Meu INSS. You may also seek help from the Public Defender’s Office.
Some cases are resolved by judicial review. Prepare evidence to support your case during appeal.
Rights and Conditions of Beneficiaries
The benefit amount equals one minimum wage per month. It does not include bonuses or holiday pay.
Beneficiaries must remain within income limits. Periodic reviews may be conducted by INSS. If conditions change, the benefit may be suspended. Keep your CadÚnico and records updated.
Keeping CadÚnico Updated
Cadastro Único is a national database of low-income families. It is essential for verifying eligibility.
Update it at least once every two years. Changes in income, address, or family structure must be recorded.
CRAS offices are responsible for updating the information. Accurate data prevents benefit interruption.
Common Reasons for Rejection
Some applicants are rejected due to minor issues. Understanding them can help prevent denial.
- CadÚnico data is outdated or incomplete
- Income exceeds the allowed limit
- Disability is not confirmed by medical-social evaluation
- Missing required documents
- Legal representative lacks valid documentation
If You Need Legal Help
Not all applicants can manage appeals alone. Free legal support is available.
Public Defenders offer assistance with documentation and appeals. Some organizations support persons with disabilities.
Legal clinics at universities may also help. Do not hesitate to seek help if denied unfairly.
Re-evaluation and Benefit Reviews
INSS may review cases to ensure continued eligibility. Beneficiaries are notified of re-evaluation dates.
New medical assessments may be scheduled. You must present updated income or health documents.
Reviews help prevent misuse and ensure fairness. Ignoring re-evaluation requests can result in benefit suspension.
Additional Assistance Programs
BPC does not block access to other support programs. You may still qualify for state or municipal aid.
Programs like Bolsa Família may be combined. Some municipalities offer food, housing, or medication support.
Registering in CadÚnico allows automatic eligibility checks. Ask at your local CRAS for more options.
Final Thoughts: Your Right to Dignity and Support
The BPC/LOAS benefit ensures dignity for seniors and people with disabilities. It provides vital income without the need for past INSS contributions.
To maintain eligibility, keep your records and CadÚnico up to date. Apply with confidence and seek help if needed.
